Clarinet
Clarinet comes from the pipes, but, unlike the latter, has a single reed. It is much later than the flute and oboe has been improved to a degree of fitness in concert practice. Permanent member of the orchestra clarinet was only at the end of the XVIII century. Clarinet is made up of five parts. The upper part is a mouthpiece with a beak, which is attached to a stick. Adjacent to a small portion of the mouthpiece, called the barrel, the other two are the main trunk of the instrument, which has sound holes and valves. The lower fifth of the clarinet is the bell.
Barrel can be pushed into a more go less deep into the next pipe, and thus a tuning tool within approximately a quarter tone.
If the clarinet closed all six core hole, then we note g \
if open hole lower ground, it turns out the note as well;
if you open the bottom two major openings, get a note;
if you open the bottom three core holes, get a note c1;
if you open the bottom four major holes, it turns out the note d> \
if you open the bottom five holes, it turns out the note e1;
if you open all the six main sound holes, get a note to fis
Three additional lower valve gives the lowest notes of fis and f (little finger right hand, as the flute cis1 and c1) and e (the little finger of his left hand).
For all of these notes have to be closed by the thumb of his left hand an additional hole located on the side opposite the main openings. For notes gl for all six major open holes need an extra hole is open.
Technique of clarinet playing.
Clarinet in the technique of execution, not only not inferior, but even better than the flute. It effortlessly possible execution of passages in the range of duo-Decima. Diatonic and chromatic scales, arpeggios, leaps to the duo-Decima (associated with a rapid succession of registers) out on the clarinet with unusual rapidity. Equally suitable for clarinet and expressive melodies wide breath, due to the low air consumption.
With respect to strength playing the clarinet makes a great graduation from pianissimo to fortissimo.
In staccato clarinet technique greatly inferior to the flute, because it cannot be "double" and "triple" language, and in single speed to less than a flute, and even, perhaps, inferior oboe (because of the dense cane). In any case, repeated staccato clarinet tedious. In extreme staccato registers more slowly than average.